Secrets of underground gas storage: how and why do they work
Secrets of underground gas storage: how and why do they work
Every winter, global markets face increased demand for heat and energy. Gas companies strive to ensure stable supplies.
But sometimes demand cannot be predicted or gas supplies from external sources become limited.
Underground gas storage facilities come to the rescue here. Today we will talk about how they work and what secrets they hide.
What is an underground gas storage facility?
An underground gas storage facility (UGS) is a specially equipped place where gas is accumulated and stored underground during the warm season, when consumption is lower.
In the cold season, when demand increases, gas from the storage rises to the surface and is sent to consumers.
UGS serve as reservoirs that ensure the stability of the power system during peak loads.
Why do we need underground storage facilities?
1. Supply stability
UGS help to compensate for surges in demand, which is important in winter when gas consumption increases for heating.
2. Energy security
If gas supplies are disrupted, underground storage facilities allow the use of pre-accumulated reserves.
3. Reducing price risks
Gas can be purchased in summer at lower prices, and then used in winter, when its cost is usually higher.
How are underground storage facilities created?
Creating an underground storage facility is a complex and expensive process. It can be placed in several types of natural objects:
• Depleted gas and oil fields
After natural resources are extracted, such voids are often used to store gas.
• Salt caverns
In some places, salt is dissolved with water, creating voids. These cavities are highly leak-proof and allow efficient gas storage.